A genetically modified organism (GMO) is an animal, plant or microbe whose DNA has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. The first genetically engineered plants to be produced for human consumption were introduced in the mid-1990s.
Do GM foods have any benefits to the consumer and the farmer? Yes.
High yields, longer shelf life, resistance to pests and diseases and a better taste are some of the benefits of GM foods. Both the farmer and the consumer stand to enjoy the above benefits.
For instance, farmers stand to enjoy a low cost of production and high yields due to the crop’s capability to withstand pests and diseases and produce high yields. Consumers tend to enjoy safe food as few chemicals will be used in controlling pests and diseases.
There has been a controversy over genetically modified food, as genetic engineering typically changes an organism in a way that would not occur naturally.
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It is even common for scientists to insert genes into an organism from a different organism, this raises the possible risk of unexpected allergic reactions to GM food.
Other concerns include the possibility of the genetically engineered foreign DNA spreading to none GMO plants and animals.
But so far none of the GMOs approved for consumption has caused any problems and GMO food sources are subject to regulations and rigorous safety assessments.
A list of GM crops in the market;
- corn/Maize
- Cotton
- Soya beans
- Sugar beets
- Papaya
- Alfalfa
- Canola
- Squash (cucumbers, courgettes, and butternut)
- Potatoes.
Genetically modified apple has been approved and might be on the market or coming soon in the market.
Reference: National Geographic
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